Not all concrete is created equal. There are different types of concrete suited for various construction projects, each with unique properties and purposes.

Let’s take a look at the most common types, when they’re used, and what makes each special.

 

The Most Common Types of Concrete

While the ingredients that make up concrete are simple, the process of developing a specific concrete mixture by including or excluding certain additives can be somewhat complex. These formulas are known as mix design which is important for ensuring the properties of concrete are proportionate. Different mixing proportions make concrete a reliable and powerful building material.

Here are some of the most common types:

 

Normal Strength Concrete

Let’s start with the basics: normal strength concrete. This is the bread-and-butter concrete used in sidewalks, pavements, and small construction projects. Made from a simple mix of Portland cement, water, and aggregates (like sand and gravel), it’s the type of concrete you’ve probably seen most often.

Workability: Easy to mix and pour.
Setting time: Takes about 24-48 hours to harden.
Best used for: Footpaths, patios, and walkways where high tensile strength isn’t crucial.

While it’s great for general use, normal strength concrete doesn’t have the highest compressive strength, so it’s not ideal for projects requiring durability under heavy loads.

 

Reinforced Concrete

Reinforced concrete is like normal strength, but on steroids. Adding materials like rebar or steel mesh to the mix infuses the concrete with extra strength and flexibility. This type is widely used in industrial and modern construction. The rebar helps the concrete handle tension forces, which is something concrete alone struggles with.

Durability: Perfect for projects needing extra strength and longevity.
Best used for: Footings, concrete structures, and construction projects like bridges, driveways, and swimming pools.

The steel reinforcement gives it high tensile strength, allowing it to withstand more stress. This makes reinforced concrete one of the most common types of concrete in the construction industry.

 

Precast Concrete

Ever seen those massive concrete blocks or sections of walls being trucked onto a construction site? That’s precast concrete. Instead of pouring the concrete on-site, it’s made in a factory, cured, and transported to the job.

Best used for: Structural elements like beams, walls, and concrete blocks in large-scale projects.
Advantages: Precast concrete saves time at the construction site and ensures a controlled environment for manufacturing, resulting in higher-quality finishes.

Precast concrete is super versatile. Think of it like building with LEGO blocks, but with heavy-duty concrete!

 

Ready-Mix Concrete

We see cement trucks on the road all the time, but little do most of us know that those trucks are in the process of concrete production. This type is being mixed en route to the construction site, which is key for providing high-precision fresh concrete that’s ready to pour on site.

Workability: Pre-mixed and ready to pour.
Best used for: Larger construction projects, including driveways, patios, and footings.

One of the best parts about ready-mix concrete is its flexibility – the mix design can be adjusted based on the project’s needs, whether strength, durability, or a quick setting time is needed.

 

High-Strength Concrete

When regular concrete doesn’t cut it, high-strength concrete may be the best choice. This type of concrete is engineered to handle very heavy loads and high pressures. Its compressive strength exceeds 6,000 psi, making it a go-to for large structures that need extra durability.

Best used for: Skyscrapers, bridges, and parking lots where load-bearing capacity is crucial.
Durability: Its compressive strength allows it to withstand significant stress and wear.

High-strength concrete contains low water-to-cement ratios and often includes special admixtures like silica or fly ash to enhance its properties. It’s the superhero of concrete when brute strength is in demand!

 

Lightweight Concrete

By using lightweight aggregates like pumice or expanded clay, this type of concrete weighs less but still offers decent strength. This type of concrete also does a great job protecting steel structures and building long-span bridge decks.

Best used for: High-rise buildings, formwork, and other structures where reducing the overall weight is important.
Benefits: Easier to transport and handle while still providing structural integrity.

Lightweight concrete is also fantastic for improving insulation, making it a great choice for buildings in colder weather conditions.

 

Pervious Concrete

Water runoff is a major concern for cities and homeowners alike. That’s where pervious concrete comes in. This type of concrete is designed with high permeability to allow water to pass through, reducing stormwater buildup and flooding.

Best used for: Parking lots, sidewalks, and driveways in areas prone to flooding.
Eco-friendly: Allows rainwater to be absorbed into the ground, replenishing aquifers and reducing the load on stormwater systems.

Pervious concrete is a top choice for environmentally conscious projects. Plus, it’s great for preventing puddles in your backyard!

 

Decorative Concrete

Who says concrete has to look dull? Decorative concrete is all about aesthetics, offering options like stamped concrete, colored concrete, and textured finishes.

Best used for: Patios, walkways, and pool decks where visual appeal is as important as strength.
Benefits: Adds a custom, stylish touch to your outdoor spaces.

With decorative concrete, you can mimic the look of brick, stone, or even wood, giving your project a high-end finish without losing the benefits of concrete.

 

High-Density Concrete

High-density concrete is packed with coarse aggregates like barites, making it heavier than normal concrete.

Best used for: Projects like power plants, where radiation shielding is required.
Durability: Offers a higher level of protection and resistance to wear.

High-density concrete is often used in specialized industrial applications where extreme durability is needed.

 

Polymer Concrete

Polymer concrete replaces cement concrete by using polymers to bind with aggregates increasing strength, adhesion, watertightness, chemical resistance, freeze-thaw durability, and abrasion resistance.

Best used for: Industrial flooring, repair work, and areas exposed to harsh environments.
Durability: Has excellent chemical resistance and is great for areas requiring low permeability.

Polymer concrete is a durable, versatile option for areas where traditional concrete might not hold up as well.

 

Air-Entrained Concrete

In cold climates, air-entrained concrete can be a lifesaver. Primarily used for freeze-thaw resistance, air-entrained concrete has microscopic air bubbles that relieve pressure during a freeze event. Without these voids or air pockets, the water would have nowhere to go, which would lead to cracks and a diminished lifespan.

Best used for: Outdoor projects in freezing climates, like driveways and walkways.
Benefits: Improves freeze-thaw resistance, helping to prevent cracks in extreme weather.

This type of concrete is particularly helpful in areas where weather conditions fluctuate drastically.

  • Asphalt concrete: Known for its durability, workability, skid resistance, stability, fatigue resistance, flexibility, and permeability, asphalt is a dark mineral frequently used anywhere pavement is needed.

 

Picking The Right Type of Concrete

This may seem like a lot, but we’re only scratching the surface. These are just a few of the dozens of admixtures and components of concrete for specific applications.

The strength of concrete is determined by cement quality, the aggregates’ strength and distribution, and the amount of water in the mix. Curing (hardening) methods also play a fundamental role in the strength that concrete develops.

The key to choosing the right concrete is understanding your project’s needs – whether you need strength, durability, or something that just looks great. And remember, no matter which type you pick, quality materials and the right mix design will ensure your project stands strong for years to come!

 

Creative Solutions for Residential and Commercial Concrete Cutting

With over 40 years of experience cutting and sawing concrete throughout Washington state, our experts have developed a rockin’ reputation. We believe our values for exceptional customer service and precision concrete and asphalt sawing and drilling services for both residential and commercial projects are a cut above the rest.

If you would like to talk about how we can help you with your concrete and asphalt sawing and drilling needs, you can call us or fill out our contact form today!